Learn all about cryptanalysis (also known as "hacking") and its importance to data security and data privacy. Cryptanalysis exploits system vulnerabilities leading to a system which is more robust and less prone to real cyberattacks. We delve into the various encryption and decryption components and describe specific strategies for cryptanalysis including Ciphertext only Attacks (COA), Known Plaintext Attacks (KPA), Chosen Plaintext Attacks (CPA), and Dictionary Attacks. Quantum computing's role in cryptanalysis is also explored.